Tomography and Spectroscopy of Structure and Degradation in Carbon Electrode Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage
نویسندگان
چکیده
Carbon materials such as activated carbon and carbon black are popular for use in electrodes for energy conversion and storage due to their conductivity and relative inertness. However, these materials are not thermodynamically stable and show various forms of degradation after long-term use [1]. Because electrode systems are inhomogeneous at a variety of length scales, improving performance and diagnosing degradation mechanisms requires characterization techniques on the microscale and nanoscale. We use (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM), electron tomography, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) alongside optical microscopy and spectroscopy to characterize the structure and degradation of carbon supercapacitor and fuel cell electrode materials.
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